## hba 3 years ago 1st part of my tutorial on Waves.There are three parts in total.

1. hba

$\Huge{\color{blue}{\rightarrow \boxed{\mathbb{\text{Waves}}}}}$ $\huge \color{red} {-Wave \space Motion: }$Wave motion is that mechanism by which energy is transferred from one point to another in the form of wave.Waves transport energy without transporting matter.The energy transportation is carried by disturbance,which spreads out from a source. $\LARGE{1)Mechanical \space Waves: }$The waves which require a material medium for their propagation,are known as mechanical waves. $\LARGE{2)Electromagnetic \space Waves: }$Electromagnetic waves are those waves which can pass through vacuum.They do not require any material medium for their propagation.For example , radio and television waves,heat radiation,light and gamma rays. $\LARGE{3)Matter \space Waves: }$A moving particle carries energy from one place to another in the form of kinetic energy.Since energy is carried by waves,therfore the waves associated with such moving particles are known as matter waves.

2. hba

$\huge \color{red} {-Progressive \space Waves:}$A wave,which transfers energy in moving away from the source of disturbance,is called a progressive or travelling wave.There are two kinds of progressive waves-transverse wave and longitudinal waves.The train of wave pulses moving uniformly along the string is called a travelling wave and has the shape of a sine wave.

3. hba

$\huge \color{red} {Transverse \space Waves:}$The waves in which the particles of the medium vibrate along the a line perpendicular to the direction of propagation of waves are known as transverse waves.

4. hba

$\Huge{\bf{Crest:}}$The portion of water above the mean level is said to from a Crest.

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$\Huge{\bf{Trough:}}$The portion below the mean level is called Trough.

6. hba

$\Huge{\bf{Periodic \space Waves:}}$ Continuous , regular and rhythmic disturbance in a medium result from periodic vibrations of a source which cause periodic waves in that medium.A good example of a periodic vibrator is an oscillating mass-spring system.

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$\Huge{\bf{Amplitude:}}$The amplitude of the wave is the maximum value of the displacement in a crest or trough and it is equal to the amplitude of the vibrator.

8. hba

$\Huge{\bf{Wavelength: }}$The distance between any two consecutive crests or troughs is the same all along the length of the rope.This distance is called the wavelength of the periodic wave and is usually denoted by the Greek letter Lambda.

9. hba

$\Huge{\bf{Frequency: }}$It is defined as the number of wave pulses passing a certain place or point in one second.It is denoted by f .Its unit is cycles*s^-1

10. hba

$\Huge{\bf{Time \ Period: }}$Time period of a wave is the time required by a complete wave to cross a certain point.It is denoted by T.

11. hba

$\Huge{\bf{Speed:}}$The speed of a wave can be measured by timing the motion of a wave crest over a measured distance.But it is not always convenient to observe the motion of the crest.However,the speed of a periodic wave can be found indirectly from its frequency and wavelength. $v=\frac{ \lambda }{ T }$ Since,$\frac{ 1 }{ T }=f$ Therfore,$v=f \lambda$

12. hba

$\huge \color{red} {-Longitudinal \ Periodic \ Waves:}$The wave in which the various particles of the medium vibrate about their mean position along the direction of the waves are know as longitudinal periodic waves. Also,the distance between two consecutive elongations is know as one wavelength.

13. hba

$\huge \color{red} {-Speed \ of \ Sound \ in \ Air:}$Sounds waves are the most important examples of longitudinal waves.The speed of sound waves depend on the compressibility and inertia of the medium through which they are travelling.If the medium has the elastic modulus E and density p then,Speed v is given by ,$V=\sqrt{\frac{ E }{ \rho }}$ The speed of sound is much higher in solids than in gases. $\Large{\bf{Newton's \ Formula \ for \ the \ speed \ of\ sound :}}$Newton's formula for speed of sound is : $v=\sqrt{\frac{ P }{ \rho }}$

14. hba

$\Large \color{red} {-Laplace\ Expression \ for \ the \ speed \ of sound:}$Using newtons formula for the speed of sound,we find that the speed of sound in air comes out to be 280 m/s.wheras its experimental value is 332 m/s .to account for the difference,Laplace pointed out that the compressions are rarefractions occur so rapidly that heat of compressions remains confined to the region where it is generated and does not have time to flow to the neighbouring cooler regions which have undegone an expansion.Hence the temperature of the medium does not remain constant.Hence we have Laplace expression for the speed of sound in a gas as given by,$v=\sqrt{\frac{ \gamma P }{ \rho }}$

15. hba

The Expression above gives the speed of sound in air to be 333 m/s.which is very close to the experimental value.

16. hba

$$\star$$End of Part One $\Huge{\color{red}{\ddot \smile}}$\

17. anonymous

good work @hba

18. hba

Thanks @gerryliyana

19. hba

Guys I need feedback.

20. anonymous

Physics simplified. I like it. :)

21. anonymous

might want to include the discussion of damped waves and energy but then this tutorial isn't finished.

22. anonymous

very nice tutorial mate i like it

23. hba

Yeah it is just the first part @Shadowys

24. anonymous

Looking forward to the next one :)

25. hba

@Colcaps Thanks A lot .

26. hba

I am just gonna finish on Doppler effect if you have any thing related to waves in mind just tell me and i will look into it.

27. anonymous

include vertex motion theories

28. hba

Sure.

29. anonymous

what?!?!

30. hba

This is my tutorial on waves.

31. anonymous

Nice work :) I saved the link for future reference.

32. hba

Thanks Alot I hope you would love to see part 2 and 3 also.Coming soon!

33. anonymous

Looking forward to it... give me a shout when you post the other parts.

34. hba

35. hba

@phi

36. phi

these days cycles per second has been given the name Hertz so 100 Hz (abbrevation of Hertz) means 100 cycles per second

37. hba

@phi Any other thing you would like to point or any specific topic you would love to learn related to waves.

38. hba

@jazy @agentsniffles @ajprincess @AccessDenied

39. hba

@VV-EFF

40. hba

@Hares333 @thinker1

41. anonymous

gr8 tutorial.....sir

42. anonymous

@hba

43. hba

Thanks :)

44. hba

@ghazi

45. anonymous

i guess somebody did it recently on waves?

46. anonymous

it is simple one light is a longitudnal wave or not??

47. anonymous

@hba

48. anonymous

@Hares333 light is a transverse wave not longitudnal and @ghazi yes mayankdevani gave this:)

49. anonymous

yaaa

50. hba

@ghazi @ajprincess requested for this tutorial.

51. anonymous

fine no prob. but @hba try to make a tutorial which cover almost whole topic it is basic fine but make it enlarge so that one tutorial for one topic???????? :)

52. hba

@Aperogalics I am not yet finished with my tutorial.

53. anonymous

${\color{teal}{\ {\mathbb{\text{Great Tutorial!!}}}}} {\color{Purple}{\ddot \smile}}$

54. hba

Thanks Alot, I hope you guys watch the 2nd and 3rd part coming soon.Not only this but also i will leave m.c.qs dor you guys related to what i have written,so there is some learning involved.

55. ajprincess

$$\color{gold}\frak{Awesome~Tutorial}$$:) Thanxxxxxxxxx a lotttttt @hba

56. hba

Your'e Welcome.

57. anonymous

Dude.. if you are interested in making tutorials.. why not make powerpoint animation videos?? i have been working on it too!!

58. anonymous

@hba in Laplace correction isnt $\gamma=C _{P}/C _{V}?$

59. anonymous

Really looking forward for MCQs

60. hba
61. anonymous

Yup!You didnt mention that in tutorial ...thats why..Btw...good tutorial!

62. hba

Thanks.

63. anonymous

Love ur tutorial