## anonymous 3 years ago evaluate the following:

1. anonymous

1. $\frac{ d }{ dx }[\int\limits_{1}^{x}t ^{3}dt] = ?$ 2. $\frac{ d }{ dx }[\int\limits_{3}^{sinx}\frac{ 1 }{ 1+t ^{2} }dt] = ?$

2. anonymous

@zepdrix

3. zepdrix

For the first one, we can apply the FTC Part 1.$\large \color{cornflowerblue}{\frac{d}{dx}\int\limits_a^x f(t)dt=f(x)}$

4. zepdrix

$\huge \frac{d}{dx}\int\limits_1^x t^3 dt=x^3$Understand how we applied that? :D We can go into a little bit further detail if it's confusing.

5. zepdrix

Ok ok lemme explain it a tiny bit further, because it will help us on the next problem anyway.

6. anonymous

hm.. can we go into further detail please? haha i always need to see the process in oro understand something :p

7. anonymous

thanks!

8. zepdrix

|dw:1358300665316:dw|

9. zepdrix

|dw:1358300764593:dw|

10. zepdrix

We're basically, Integrating, and then undoing the integration by differentiating. But the variable of our function changes due to the LIMITS on our integral.

11. anonymous

hm.. give me a few minutes to think please.. haha you can go on to the next problem while i try to understand this one :)

12. zepdrix

BIG F represents the anti-derivative of f. Then it changed back into little f when we took the derivative after integrating.

13. zepdrix

In our problem, here is what would actually be happening.$\large \frac{d}{dx}\int\limits_1^x t^3 dt= \frac{d}{dx}\left[\frac{1}{4}t^4|_1^x\right]$ $\large \frac{d}{dx}\left[\frac{1}{4}x^4-1^4\right]$ Taking the derivative gives us,$\large x^3-0$

14. anonymous

OH. i'm slow. :/ haha i getnow :)

15. anonymous

|dw:1358301319768:dw|actuall,y no wait.

16. zepdrix

Yes you do, my bad :)

17. zepdrix

The derivative of 1/4*1^4 will still give you 0 though right? :D So no big deal.

18. anonymous

ohh yes. thank you :) now let's go on to the next one :)

19. zepdrix

The same rule will apply, but we'll have one extra step due to the chain rule. See how the in the upper LIMIT, it's no longer X, it's a lil more than that? That will force us to apply the chain rule when we DIFFERENTIATE.

20. anonymous

oh... ok. i will try to do this one by myself. :)

21. zepdrix

kk

22. anonymous

yea.. uh nevermind. haha i'm stuck at the firt step. :(

23. zepdrix

Lemme show you the answer real quick.. this one is a little hard to swallow.

24. zepdrix

$\large \frac{d}{dx}\int\limits_3^{\sin x} \frac{1}{1+t^2}dt \qquad = \qquad \frac{1}{1+\sin^2x}\left(\frac{d}{dx}\sin x\right)$

25. zepdrix

See how, similar to the last problem, the UPPER LIMIT replaces our t? But the extra step is - since we have more than just X in the upper limit, we have to apply the chain rule, taking the derivative of sin x.

26. zepdrix

brbs :O

27. anonymous

ok. but i think i need to see the process :/ this one is hard to understand ...

28. zepdrix

$\large \frac{d}{dx}\int\limits\limits_3^{\sin x} \frac{1}{1+t^2}dt \qquad = \qquad \frac{d}{dx}\left[\arctan t|_3^{\sin x}\right]$

29. zepdrix

$\large =\frac{d}{dx}\left[\arctan(\sin x)-\arctan 3\right]$

30. zepdrix

Taking the derivative gives us,$\large \frac{1}{1+(\sin x)^2}(\sin x)'+0$

31. zepdrix

You'll want to try and get used to understanding these WITHOUT seeing the process because more than likely on a test, you'll be given something that can't actually be integrated very easily, so you'll want to remember the FTC.

32. anonymous

yea i know :( but i just need to memorize the differentiation and integration formulas, because i got stuck at where we had to differentiate arctan. :p

33. anonymous

i have a question. what is the integration of cost/t?

34. anonymous

@zepdrix

35. zepdrix

It's called the "Cosine Integral". There are many integrals such as that one which can not be solved using elementary methods. Integrals are not nice and neat like derivatives. Many many integrals just can't be solved :D

36. anonymous

oh ..really? because i was going to do the next problem by myself but i guess i need help with it .. it says : given $F(x)=\int\limits_{1}^{x ^{2}}\frac{ cost }{ t }dt$ find F'(x) and F'(1).

37. zepdrix

Ok this is a perfect example of what I was talking about. This is an integral that can't be solved using normal methods. But if we integrate, and then differentiate again, it will give us back what we started with, just with a different variable due to the limits of integration.

38. anonymous

so, ,, for F'(x), we could just substitute x for t?

39. zepdrix

$\large F'(x)=\frac{d}{dx}\int\limits\limits_1^{x^2} \frac{\cos t}{t}dt$No you would substitute t with whatever is in your UPPER LIMIT.

40. anonymous

ok, so i understand that part now :) but how would you find F'(1)? do you just replace x with 1? :)